不同时期茉莉酸甲酯处理对光温敏雄性不育小麦BS366颖花开放的诱导效应

Effect of Methyl Jasmonate on the Induction of Glume Opening in Photothermo-sensitive Male Sterile Wheat Line BS366 under Different Stages

为深入研究小麦雄性不育系的颖花开放机理，在田间条件下用4mmol／L的茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）对处于不同发育时期的光温敏雄性不育小麦BS366浸穗3min，研究了MeJA对其颖花开放的诱导效应。结果表明，MeJA可诱导各个时期的麦穗提前开颖，并且诱导效应随发育时期的推迟而增强。其中，T1、T2时期（穗抽出旗叶叶耳的当天和第2d）MeJA处理可使开颖提前1～2d，处理后开颖率也显著高于对照；T3时期（穗抽出旗叶叶耳的第4d）MeJA处理当天开颖率与对照存在显著差异，但处理后第5d二者开颖率分别为61％和74％，差异不显著；MeJA对T4、T5时期（穗上有1～3朵及5～7朵颖花开放）的颖花开放具有强烈的诱导效应，开颖率分别达到77％和80％，显著高于对照（45％和33％）；MeJA对T6时期（颖花首次闭颖）的颖花无显著诱导效应。

Effects of methyl jasmonate （MeJA） on glume opening and closure in different growing stages were investigated in photo-thermo-sensitive male sterility wheat line BS366 （Triticum aestivum ）. The intact spikes in the field were soaked in 0, 4 mmol/L MeJA for 3 min in the different stages. The results showed that the time of glume opening was advanced by the treatments of MeJA in all periods, and the induction effect was enhanced by the development period delayed. The flowering date of the treatments were advanced by one or two day in T1 and T2 stage, and the percentage of glume opening treated by 4 mmol/L MeJA was higher than that of the control. In the T3 stage, for the percentage of glume opening in the day of treatment, a significant difference was observed between the treatment and the control, but in the fifth day after MeJA treatment, the percentage of glume opening in treatment and control were 61% and 74%, respectively. MeJA could significantly promoted glume opening in the stage of T4 and T5 with percentage of glume opening of 77% and 80%, higher than 45% and 33% of the control, respectively. These results showed that the effect induced by MeJA was influenced by the development stages.