部分普通小麦醇溶蛋白的遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity at Gliadin Loci of Some Common Wheat Cultivars or Lines

为了揭示普通小麦（Triticum aestivum L．）品种间醇溶蛋白的遗传多样性，采用A—PAGE方法对60份普通小麦品种（系）进行了醇溶蛋白分析。结果表明，全部供试品种（系）共检测到943条带，每份材料可电泳出9～21条带，平均15．7条。试验共获得迁移率不同的谱带74条，其中第2和第4条谱带出现的频率最高，分别为45．00％和51．67％，其余的谱带多态性很高，说明小麦种质间存在丰富的醇溶蛋白遗传异质性。供试材料间的遗传距离（Genetic distance，GD）变异范围为0．40～0.84，平均为0．62。聚类分析在GD值为0．82水平上可将供试材料分为4大类群。

The genetic diversity at gliadin loci of 60 common wheat cultivars or lines was studied by A- PAGE. A total of 943 bands were identified in the examined wheat accessions. 9 to 21 gliadin bands were identified in each accession, with an average of 15. 7. 74 gliadin bands with different relative mobility were observed by electrophoresis. Bands No. 2 and No. 4 had the highest present frequencies of 45% and 51.67%, respectively. The other bands showed very high polymorphisms. The mean genetic distance （GD） was 0.62, ranging from 0.40 to 0.84. All of the tested materials could be classified into 4 clusters at the level of GD 0.82. The result indicated that the wheat cultivars or lines examined in this study had a rich genetic diversity at the gliadin loci. This paper provides some useful information for wheat breeding with these wheat germplasms.