小麦籽粒硬度及其Pinb-D1基因等位变异的STS标记检测

Grain Hardness and Detection of Pinb-D1 Alleles Variation in Wheat by STS Molecular Markers

为了明确内蒙古春小麦和部分引进冬小麦的籽粒硬度及其等住变异类型，用SKCS 4100单籽粒谷物硬度仪和STS分子标记对17份冬小麦、87份春小麦品种和38份春小麦高代品系的籽粒硬度及其Pinb-D1a、Pinb-D1b和Pinb-D1c等位基因进行了分析。结果表明，在104份冬、春小麦品种中，籽粒硬度指数变幅为1±16-74±21，其中软质、混合和硬质麦频率分别为23．1％、49．0%和27．9％；Pina—D1a／Pinb-D1a、Pina—D1a／Pinb-D1b和Pina—D1a／Pinb-D1c基因型分别为68份、27份和4份。在38份高代品系中，籽粒硬度指数变幅为0±18～49±17，软质和混合麦频率分剐为68．4％和31．6％，Pina—D1a／Pinb-D1a和Pina—D1a／Pinb-D1b基因型分别为20份和18份。

Grain hardness is one of the most important quality traits of wheat and mainly affects milling and food-processing qualities. 17 winter wheat introduced, 87 spring wheat cuhivars and 38 advanced spring lines were used to analyze grain hardness by Single Kernel Characterization System（SKCS） and to detect their Pinb-D1a , Pinb-D1b and Pinb-D1c allels by STS molecular markers. The results showed that grain hardness among the 104 winter and spring wheat accessions ranged from 1±16 to 74±21. The frequency of soft, mixed and hard type were 23.1%, 49.0% and 27.9%, respectively. Alleles of Pina-D1a /Pinb-D1a , Pina-D1a /Pinb-D1b and Pina-D1a /Pinb-D1c were detected in 68, 27 and 4 wheat cuhivars, respectively. Grain hardness among the 38 advanced spring wheat lines varied from 0±18 to 49±17, and the frequency of soft and mixed type were 68.4% and 31.6%, and Pina- D1a /Pinb-D1a and Pina-D1a /Pinb-D1b alleles were deteced in 20 and 18 lines, respectively.