北京市亚运村社区居民体育设施利用情况调查

Cohort study on utilization of sport facilities in Yayuncun community in Beijing

目的了解北京市亚运村社区居民体育设施利用情况。方法采用前瞻性队列研究,分别于2004年和2005年选择自2000年起居住在亚运村社区的常住居民600户,15周岁以上1765人作为队列研究的基线人群。采用自行设计的《北京市典型社区居民调查表》,了解居民体育设施利用情况;于2006年、2007年采用相同问卷进行随访调查。结果亚运村社区人均体育场地面积为1.55 m2。2007年有24.1%的亚运村社区常住居民经常利用家庭附近的健身设施进行锻炼,高于基线的18.1%和2006年的22.3%(χ2趋势=6.407,P<0.05)。体育设施利用率最高的是小区中的健身场所,2006年最常去小区中的健身场所进行锻炼为41.4%,2007年为44.5%,明显高于基线(χ2=36.993,P<0.01)。与基线和2006年相比,2007年亚运村社区居民在体育设施利用各方面的满意度均有较大提升。多因素回归分析发现,受教育程度越高、体育设施可及性越高、对体育设施的数量和安全性越满意,体育设施的利用情况越好。结论亚运村社区体育设施和场地的可及性对群众体育运动起到了良好的保障和引导作用,应当进一步增加体育设施的种类和数量,提高体育设施的质量和安全性,强化体育设施的管理,以满足居民的体育锻炼需求。

Objective To know the status of utilization of sport facilities in Yayuncun community in Beijing. Methods 1765 permanent residents above 15 years old from 600 families inhabiting in the Yayuncun community since the year of 2000 were selected into the cohort to answer Beijing Typical Community Resident Questionnaire designed by the researcher. The residents＇ health knowledge, health behavior, health status, physical activity and the usage of sport facilities were surveyed. And the cohort was followed - up through 2006 and 2007. Results The average area of sport facilities per person in Yayuncun community was 1.55 m^2. The prevalence of often utilizing the sports facilities near the residence among residents in Yayuncun community was higher in 2007 （24.1% ） than in the baseline （ 18.1% ） and 2006 （22.3 % ） （ X^2 = 6. 407, P 〈 0.05）. The sports facilities located in the communities were the first choices for residents. The prevalence of exercising with the communities＇ sport facilities among residents were higher in 2006 （41.4 % ） and 2007 （44.5 % ） than in the baseline （36.0 % ） （X^2 = 36. 993, P 〈 0.01 ）. The satisfaction degree focused on the quantity, quality, open time, charge standard and security of the sport facilities increased in 2007 compared with 2006 and the baseline. Logistic regression showed that educational level, accessibility of the sport facilities, satisfaction for the number and security of the sport facilities were independent factors for the utilization of the sport facilities （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion In order to meet the growing demand of physical exercises of the residents, the Vayuncun community should increase the categories and quantities, as well as strengthen the management of sport facilities.