茂名放鸡岛海域浮游植物与赤潮生物研究

Preliminary Study on Phytoplankton and Red Tide Organisms in the Waters of the Fangji Island,Maoming

2003年8月、12月,2004年2月、5月对茂名放鸡岛海域进行了浮游生物调查,分析了浮游植物物种组成、优势种及其细胞丰度分布和物种多样性。共鉴定出浮游植物36属57种(硅藻46种,甲藻11种),其中赤潮类生物22种。角毛藻属以及丹麦细柱藻、脆根管藻和尖刺伪菱形藻为全年主要优势种,在早春季节冰河拟星杆藻成为季节性优势种,5月份和8月份角毛藻属以及尖刺伪菱形藻和丹麦细柱藻的细胞丰度在放鸡岛周边局部水域超过107m-3。放鸡岛海域浮游植物物种多样性指数和均匀度偏低,在合适的条件下,有可能形成硅藻赤潮。

The paper is to present the analysis of phytoplankton composition, species diversity, key species and their cell abundance distritution in the waters of the Fangji Island, Maoming, based on the survey carried out in August, December of 2003 and February, and May of 2004. Total 57 taxa belonged to 36 genus with 46 taxa of Bacillariophyta, 11 taxa of Pyrrophyta and 22 species of red tide organism.The annual key species were Chaetoceros spp., Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Leptocylindrus danicus, and Rhizosolenia fragilissima, and Asterionellopsis glacialis predominated in the early spring. The abundance of Chaetoceros spp., Pseudo-nitzschia pungens and Leptocylindrus exceeded 10^7 m^-3 in the waters around Fangji Island in May and August. Species diversity and evenness proved to be low compared with other sea area, and there is possibility in the occurence of diatom red tide under suitable environment.