表生循环水向成矿溶液转变条件的模拟实验──表生循环水向成矿溶液演变机理之(一)

SIMULATING EXPERIMENTS ON THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSFORMATION OF HYPERGENE CYCLING WATER INTO ORE-FORMING SOLUTIONS──I. MECHANISM OF TRANSFORMATION OF HYPERGENE CYCLING WATER INTO ORE-FORMING SOLUTIONS

对成矿溶液性质的认识是成矿理论和成矿预测的基础。本文用云南腾冲热泉水、勐野并钾盐卤水、青岛海洋水、贵州赤天化含油气水、贵阳雨水以及从贵阳森林公园腐殖土中提取的含腐植酸的水溶液，和自配的pH＝1．0的含氯酸性水，对西南地区不同岩性的四种矿源岩样进行了加温浸泡溶解实验。另外还利用表生风化淋滤模拟实验装置对该四种矿源岩样进行了三种不同大气雨水的风化淋滤模拟实验。实验结果表明酸雨和酸性水最容易形成高含量的成矿溶液；含腐植酸的水有时对多种金属也能形成较高含量的合矿溶液。但现代雨水、腾冲火山热泉水、勐野井钾盐卤水、青岛海洋水、贵州赤天化含油气水等近中性和偏碱性的表生水对Fe、Mn、Cu、Pb、Zn、等常量金属元素几乎不能形成高含量的合矿溶液；当溶液中存在强络合剂时，可能对某些贵金属和稀有、分散元素的搬运和成矿具有较重要意义。

The knowledge of the properties of ore-forming solutions is the theoretical basis for metallogenetic theory and ore deposit diagnosis. Up to now, there has been little report about the mechanism of metallogenes is from acidic ore-forming solutions. The authors of this paper think that as the condensed water from volcanic gases is strongly acidic in nature,the condensed water from magmas must be strongly acidic either. Ore fluids derived from such water and their involvement in mineralization are of great importance in geological processes- This paper discusses the mechanism and conditions of transformation of condensed water from magmas into ore fluids,the mechanism and conditions of metallogenesis of such ore fluids,and the Conditions of transformation of the fluids toward those of brine composition. Taking the epithermal metasomatism-reworked ore deposits on the southwest margin of the Yangtze Craton,this paper revealed the common rule of metallogenesis of acidic ore fluids in the crust and geological evidence.