论英国文学史的叙述模式

On the Narrative Modes of the History of British Literature

用叙述的方式来展现文学史的发展过程是最为普遍和有效的方法。选择何种叙述线索不仅是如何处理具体叙述的问题,而且体现了文学史家的史观、史识和史才。以20世纪80年代以来中国学者编写和出版的英国文学史为研究对象,按照叙述线索和叙述侧重点的不同,将其叙述模式概括总结为四种,即以理论观念预设为主线,以文学体裁为主线,以重要作家为主线和综合多种因素为主线的叙述模式。同时举例分析了上述叙述模式各自的特点,并从中挖掘中国学者在构建文学史框架时所体现的史观、撰写标准和本土意识。总之,多角度、多元化的叙述模式体现了中国学者在英国文学史写作方面日臻完善的叙述技巧和不断突破与创新的主体意识。

Narration is the most common and effective way to show the historical process of literature. What narrative thread to choose is not only a question of how to deal with specific narration, but also a reflection of the literary historian＇s concept, insight and consciousness. This paper, focused on the publications of the British literary history by Chinese scholars since the 1980s, argues that the narrative modes of these works can be categorized into four major types according to their narrative clues and emphases, namely narrative modes based on theoretical preconceptions, literary genres, major writers and comprehensive factors respectively. The paper also illustrates the features of these different types in an attempt to explore the historical concepts, constructing standards, and native consciousness of Chinese scholars in writing the British literary history. In brief, the muhivariable modes and writing styles employed by Chinese scholars symbolize their constantly improving narrative skills and innovativeness in their writing of the British literary history.