休耕模式下我国耕地保有量初探

THE DESK STUDY ON THE QUANTITY OF FARMING LAND WITH THE CONSIDERATION OF FOLLOW IN OUR COUNTRY

土地休耕是土地储备的一种方式,包括年度休耕,季节性休耕、轮作休耕等.休耕会使耕地面积减少,对我国的粮食安全造成不利影响;文中阐述了在污染严重的耕地休耕、中低产田休耕、水土流失严重的耕地休耕以及采用轮作休耕4种不同模式下到2020年我国所需要的耕地保有量.结果显示,12000万hm2耕地红线难以保证我国的粮食安全,耕地面积需要达到14008～15073.3万hm2,但各种休耕方式会对土壤污染的降解、肥力的保持、减少水土流失等都会起到积极的作用.针对其产生的不利影响,可以通过加大科技投入,进口粮食、控制人口、改良品种、加大水利设施建设等措施来解决.可见休耕是一项有利于耕地可持续发展的措施,我国应该采取这项措施.

As a way of land reserve, it include fallow by year, by season and crop rotation. The area of our cropland will decrease , and will harm the food security; The needed quantity of fanning land by the year of 2020 is discussed in the article under the four fallow patterns ： the seriously polluted faming land; the farming land with low output; the farming land of soil erosion and follow by crop rotation. As it shows, 120 million hectares of fanning land is difficult to guarantee the security of grain security, what is needed is 140.08 - 150.73 million hectares of fainting land , fallow will decrease the soil pollution, holding fertility, decrease soil erosion and so on. According to the negative influence, some measures should be taken, such as increase Science and technology input, import grain, control population, improve grain variety, construct water conservancy facilities and so on. so fallow is a way of sustainable development and should be taken in our country.