大豆荚生长与粒数和粒重的关系研究

A Study on Relationship between Growth and Seed Number and Seed Weight of Soybean Pod

田间以黑河17等13份不同基因型大豆品系为材料。研究结果表明:相同基因型材料随着单荚粒数由2粒增至4粒,在始粒期的平均单荚壳重也由77.33 mg增至139.77 mg;不同基因型材料随着单粒重由170 mg增至330 mg,始粒期的平均单荚壳重也由77.33 mg增至156.40 mg。始粒期荚壳物质积累量大是多粒荚和大粒荚形成的物质基础。中小粒材料3粒荚、大粒材料2粒荚的粒重与荚壳重的比值最大。去荚后剩余荚单粒重略增加,但不能补偿粒数的减少,当多余的光合产物不能进入籽粒时,就残留在荚壳中,增加了荚壳重。

Thirteen different genotypes Heihe17 ect. were used as materials in the field. The result showed as follows： the seed number of a pod was increased from 2 seeds to 4 seeds,and average weight per pod husk was increased from 77.33 mg to 139.77 mg at seed formation stage in the same genotype materials;A seed weight was increased from 170 mg to 330 mg at ripe stage,a pod husk weight was increased from 77.33 mg to 156.40 mg at R5 in the different genotype materials. The material accumulation was its base for formation of multi-seed pod and big-seed pod. The seed weight of 3-seed pod of middle-little seed material and 2-seed pod of big-seed material performed the greatest ratio value at initial seed stage. A seed weight of remanent pods had a little increase after removing pods,but it could not compensate decrease of seeds. It was reserved in the pod when photosynthetic produce could not come into seeds and pod husk weight was increased.