明清观政进士制度及其特点

The System of Jinshi's Practicing Politics during the Ming and the Qing Dynasties and Their Characteristics

观政进士制度是明清时代对进士入仕前的任职培训,它由朱元璋创设,并且到明末隆武年间仍在推行。清代承继了这一制度并作了改进,表现出观政时间长和在中央与地方同时观政两个比较明显的特点。

The system of Jinshi＇s（a successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations）practicing politics referred to training Jinshi before one became an official in the Ming and the Qing Dynasties. It was established by Zhu Yuanzhang and existed until the age of the Long Wu emperor reigning. It was inherited and improved in the Qing Dynasty, and there were two obvious characteristics： the period of practicing politics was longer; and it was requested to practice both at central level and local level.