应用因子分析法遴选水稻灌溉管理分区关键指标

Factor Analysis on Key Index of Rice Irrigated Manage Zone

合理的灌溉管理分区是精准灌溉的基础，能够有效地降低灌溉管理运营成本。由于灌区地形地貌复杂、气候差异明显、灌溉水平和土壤特性各异，综合以上因素建立水稻灌溉管理分区指标体系属高维数据，给分区工作带来很多困难，亟待降维。采用因子分析法对1952-2006年黑龙江省37个水稻灌溉试验站（591站年）资料进行分析，遴选关键指标。研究表明，水稻灌溉管理分区关键指标依次为≥10℃积温、常规灌溉定额和生育期降水量和需水量，并进行了综合评价，该结果能较好地反映大尺度区域水稻灌溉管理水平，为制定农业区划与灌溉管理决策提供参考。图3，表1，参7。

Reasonable irrigation management zone as the foundation of the precise irrigation, can lower the irrigation management cost effectively. Combining with 4 factors of geomorphology, weather, soil and the water deficit degree to build up the key index system of management zone, which belong to the high dimension data, brings a lot of difficulties to zoning work. Declining the dimension is in urgent need. We apply factor analysis to set up rice irrigation management model, screen out key index by analyzing 37 rice irrigation experiment stations in 1952 - 2006 data of Heilongjiang province. This study shows that accumulated temperature of ≥10℃, the normal irrigation quota, water demand and rainfall of growing stage are key indexes of rice irrigation management zone. This model can reflecte the comprehensive level of large scale rice irrigation system better, also can provide references for drawing up the agriculture zoning and. irrigation management decision.