农户自主发展能力差异比较研究

A Comparative Study on Rural Households' Viability

通过对河南省5个类型农区580家农户的调查,从农户自身素能、主动获取信息与处理能力、农户决策能力等12个层面设计出93项指标,构建了农户自主发展能力模型。研究表明:①农户自主发展能力主要体现于农户经济发展与信息处理能力、环境利用与生存能力、农户自身发展能力,表达程度为87.04%;②在农户经济发展与信息处理能力方面,近邻城市郊区的墙南村最强,位居豫东平原的北宋村最弱;在环境利用与生存能力方面,位居行政边缘交界地带的陈湾村较高;在农户自身发展能力方面,北宋村易于安乐可能偏高,而位居山区的上河村则偏低;③不同的区域经济背景会影响农户经济自主发展能力,地级市影响微弱,县区具有一定影响,乡镇经济影响显著;④地形对农户自主发展能力的影响并不显著;⑤距离城市远近与农户自主发展能力具有较强负相关关系。

Based on the survey data of 580 rural households from 5 categories in rural areas of Henan Province, China, the paper designed 93 indicators according to 12 levels,which include rural households＇ characteristics, the ability of initiatively obtaining information and information capacity, rural households＇ decision-making capacity and so on. A model of rural households＇ viability is established. The results show that：①rural households＇ viability can be reflected according to rural household economic development and information capacity, environment utilization and survivability, rural household self-development capacity and so on.②At the aspect of rural household economic development and information capacity, Qiangnan village, which neighbors to suburb, is relatively high. What＇s more, at the aspect of rural household self-development capacity, Beisong village, which is liable to live in comfort, may be higher, and Shanghe village in mountain area is low.③Different regional economic background influents rural households＇ viability. The impact of city level economy is weak, and county level economy has some impacts while town level economy has a significant influence.④Landscape has not a significant influence on rural households＇ viability. ⑤There is a strong negative correlation between distance from village to city and rural households＇ viability.