住院精神病患者自杀相关因素分析及防范措施

Correlation factor analysis and countermeasures on suicide for inpatients with psychosis

目的探讨住院精神病患者自杀的原因,制订防范措施。方法对住院精神病患者发生自杀行为的73例病例进行回顾性统计分析。结果73例自杀者中男性明显多于女性;年龄以20～30岁最多;多在病后1年之内发生;多发生于疾病的初期与缓解期;以抑郁症、精神分裂症多见;自缢是自杀的常见方式;自杀时间多在午夜以后。结论住院精神病患者自杀具有一定的规律性,加强安全措施,强化重点班次护理,及早对患者实施护理干预,可将精神病患者自杀率减少到最低。

Objective To investigate the cause for suicide in inpatients with psychosis and to work out the protective countermeasures. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 73 psychosis inpatients with suicidal behavior from Aug 1986 to July 2007 in our hospital. Results The suicide occurred mostly in males, aged of 20 to 30, within one year after onset, and mainly in the initial stage or paracmasis; depressive disorder and schizophreni were the most common primary diseases; hanging-oneself was the most way of committing suicide; and suicide time mostly focused on post-midnight. Conclusion The suicide about psychopath in hospital possesses certain regularity. Safety precaution and point period nursing should be strengthened so as to perform nursing intervention on risk subjects as soon as possible and reduce suicide rate of psychopaths.