组合式下位分层施肥播种开沟器的研制

Development of the combined layered fertilizing-seeding ditcher

【目的】研制在播种的同时能将肥料分成种肥、基肥且深施播的新型播种机。【方法】在深入分析深施播机具研制存在困难及可行性的基础上,研制开发了组合式下位分层施肥播种开沟器,并将其安装在2BF-10型免耕分层施肥播种机上,对其实用性进行了检验。【结果】该开沟器具有开沟、排肥、分肥、排种逐次进行的特点,利用行进中开沟器的回土作用实现种子、种肥、基肥三者分层定量一次性深施播。该开沟器可将种子、种肥和基肥分别施于距地表5.3,11.5和17.6 cm处,达到既不烧苗,又可满足作物不同生育期对养分需要的农艺要求。【结论】研制开发的组合式下位分层施肥播种开沟器实现了种子、种肥、基肥分层施播,并能满足农艺要求。

[Objective] The study developed a new type of sowing machine that is capable of dividing the fertilizer into seed fertilizer and base fertilizer and laying them into a deeper depth while sowing. [Method] Based on the thorough analysis of the implementing difficulty and feasibility of deep-depth fertilizing machine,the paper studied and developed the low-position layered fertilize-sow combined ditcher and fix it on the 2BF-10 tillage-free layered fertilize-sow machine and carry a test on its practicality. [Result] The developed ditcher is capable of ditching, dividing the fertilizer, laying the fertilizer and the seeds and can complete layered and quantitative application of the seed, the seed fertilizer and the base fertilizer and lay them at the depth of 5.3,11.5 and 17.6 cm below the ground respectively, thus on one hand avoiding burning the seedlings, and on the other hand meeting the agricultural requirements of different nutrition need of the plant during different growing period. [Conclusion] The developed combined low-position layered fertilize-sow ditcher could realize combined assembling with the 2BF-10 zero-tillage fertilizing sowing machine,and implement layered application of the seeds,the seed fertilizer and the base fertilizer,and perfectly meet the agricultural requirements.