冀北山区生态建设对农户经济行为影响分析

The Influnce of Ecological Construction Project on Household Economic-Activities in the Mountains Area of North Hebei Province

冀北山区是我国环境脆弱与贫困并存的区域,在此地区进行的生态建设工程对区域内农户经济行为产生了一定的影响。本文以中日共建"21世纪中国首都圈环境保护示范基地"项目区为例,通过在项目区入户调查,分析生态建设对农户经济行为的影响,得出初步的结论:在生态建设项目区实施的退耕还林还草工程和禁牧等措施,限制了传统的种植业和畜牧业的发展,但是通过加大对项目区农户的技术扶持、资金扶持等,改变项目区的种植结构和养殖结构以及养殖方式,能够提高农户种植业和养殖业的收入;随着生态建设项目的实施,项目区农户的非农业就业收入、林业收入有所增加;生态补偿性收入在农户的收入中占据很大比重,生态补偿的可持续性是维护生态建设成果的重要因素之一。

The mountains area of north Hebei province is a region where the environment is frail and the people poor. The ecological construction project has the influence to the household economic-activities in this area. This article takes the project area of ＂Demonstration Base for Environment Protection in the Surrounding Area of Beijing, the Capital City of China, in 21st Century＂ as an example. Through surveying households in the project area, analyses the influence of the ecological construction to the economic behavior of farmers, and comes to some preliminary conclusions： Returning farmland to forests and grasslands, forbidding grazing and other measures in the ecological construction projects area restrict the traditional farming and animal husbandry development. By increasing technical support, financial support, and so on to change the planting structure and stockbreeding structure of the project area can improve farming＇s and stockbreeding＇s income. With the implementation of the project, the non-farm employment income and forestry income increase. The ecological compensatory income occupies much proportion of the farmers＇ total income and it is an important factor for conserving the outcome＇of the ecological construction.