采煤塌陷对风沙土含水量的影响

Water content in aeolian sandy soils experiencing mining subsidence

摸清塌陷区土壤水分状况是采煤塌陷退化生态系统恢复和重建的前提。根据相似可比原则,应用空间对比法研究毛乌素沙地东南缘补连塔矿区0～100 cm层土壤含水量对采煤塌陷的响应,探索半干旱风沙区采煤塌陷地土壤水分退化的空间变化,为困难立地土地复垦提供理论指导。试验结果表明:采煤塌陷增大了沙丘水分损失量,塌陷程度与土壤含水量呈强负相关,相关系数为-0.73(P<0.05)。与对照区相比,塌陷区含水量在时间和空间变化上均表现出一定的规律性。从时间角度来看,不论降雨季节还是干旱季节,塌陷区含水量均低于对照区,与对照区相比,2005年和2004年塌陷区土壤含水量分别降低了16.55%和14.73%;从空间位置来讲,对照区不同深度土壤含水量均高于塌陷区相应深度;对照区不同坡位含水量均高于2个塌陷区相应位置(除了2004年塌陷区坡顶外)。

Research on the spatio-temporal variation law of soil water content in a subsidence area, espe eially in a semi-arid mining area, was conducted to help reestablish a sound ecological system. In this study, water loss in sandy soils of the Bulanta coal mining area in the southeast part of the Mu Us Desert was analyzed and discussed using a spatial contrast method and correlation analysis in 2005 and 2006. One sand dune without mining was the control, and the others subsided respectively in March of 2005 and July of 2004. Results showed that the degree of soil collapse was significantly and negatively correlated （r = - 0.73, P 〈 0.05） to the water content of sand dunes. For 0- 100 cm depths, during both the rainy and drought seasons, 1） water content of non-collapsed dunes was significantly greater （P 〈 0.01） than collapsed dunes; 2） at different depths, water content in non-collapsed dunes was significantly greater （P 〈 0.01） than corresponding depths in collapsed dunes, except of 60 - 100 cm depths; and 3） except for the top of 2004-year collapsing dune, for different locations, water content of non-collapsed dunes was significantly greater （P 〈 0.05） than corresponding locations of collapsed dunes.