山东半岛北部海岸带城乡聚落扩展变化特征与驱动力分析

Characteristics and Driving Forces Analysis of Residential Area Expansion in the North of Shandong Peninsula Coastal Area

改革开放以来,山东半岛北部海岸带地区经济发展迅速,城乡聚落扩展明显,快速城镇化过程对区域土地利用和生态环境产生了深刻影响,因此,及时掌握城乡聚落的时空分布和变化特征对于区域可持续发展具有重要意义。论文以RS技术为主要手段,目视解译获取了研究区1986、1992和2004年3个典型时期的城乡聚落空间分布信息,并以此为基础,借助城镇扩展指数、重心、分形维数等指标,定量分析了城乡聚落的扩展特征,进一步探讨了扩展变化的影响因素。结果表明,研究时段内,城乡聚落扩展明显,其重心表现出从东南向西北转移的态势,并且扩展随意性非常大。在此基础上,进一步探讨了地区GDP、人口城市化率和固定资产投资等社会经济因素对城乡聚落扩展的影响。

The economic development made a dramatic progress in Shandong peninsula since reform and opening-up policy implemented in China 20 years ago, and the urban and rural residential area has experienced a remarkable expansion and exerted profound influences on land use and ecological environment in this region. Mastering spatial-temporal distribution and transformation characteristics of residential area contributes to the region＇s sustainable development significantly. This article chose the north of Shandong peninsula as its study area, the residential area informa- tion was obtained and then its expansion was studied, and corresponding influencing factors were discussed. On temporal scale, the periods of 1986, 1992 and 2004 were selected to analyze resi- dential area expansion characteristics quantitatively since reform and opening-up by means of urban expansion index, center of gravity and fractal dimension, and the results showed the pattern of urban expansion transformed from southeast to northwest, and the dimension index increased from 1.68 to 1.75, which showed obvious arbitrary of urban expansion. Furthermore, the influ- ences of social and economic factors such as GDP, rate of population urbanization and investment in permanent asserts on urban expansion in different periods were discussed.