评皮亚杰“约束的道德”与“协作的道德”——兼论代际关系视野中的道德教育

Review of Piaget's "Heteronomy moral" and "Autonomy moral"——And Moral Education in the Vision of Inter-generational relations

让.皮亚杰在《儿童的道德判断》中提出了"约束的道德"和"协作的道德"两个不曾被人专门讨论的核心概念。它们分别具有以下三大特点:约束的道德是成人权威的体现,协作的道德则是儿童自主制订规则的道德;约束的道德倾向于惩罚性的公正;而协作的道德则追求平等的公正;约束的道德是他律的道德,协作的道德则是自律的道德。深入辨析"约束的道德"和"协作的道德",对于创新建立在成年人与未成年人良性互动基础上的道德教育具有明显的意义和价值。

Piaget put forward two core concepts which haven＇ t mention before, heteronomy moral and autonomy moral in ＂children＇s moral judgment＂. They have following three features ： the heteronomy moral is the embodiment of adult authority and the autonomy moral is the moral make by children themselves; heteronomy moral tend to punitive justice; autonomy moral tend to the pursuit of equality and justice ; heteronomy moral is the moral of the law, and autonomy moral is self - discipline and moral ethics. Analysis of ＂heteronomy moral ＂ and ＂ autonomy moral ＂ has obvious significance and value for innovation of the moral education which is establishment on the basis of the interaction between adults and minors.