新发现呼吸道病毒感染的流行病学及其临床特征

Epidemiology and clinical feature of newly discovered respiratory viruses

呼吸道感染是儿科的常见病、多发病,是引起世界范围内5岁以下儿童死亡的首位原因。其临床表现易被认识,但病因却很难明确。2001年以来许多新的人类病毒被发现,其中人类偏肺病毒、人类冠状病毒NL63和HKU1,以及人类博卡病毒,均已被证实可引起小儿呼吸道疾病,其流行病学及临床特征也得到较为深入的研究。

Respiratory tract infection is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children under 5 years worldwide. While the clinical features of respiratory tract infection are easily recognized, the etiology responsible for disease is often not clear. Since 2001, many newly discovered respiratory viruses including human metapneumovirus, human coronaviruses NL63, HKU1 and human Boca virus, have been identified to cause childhood respiratory infection. The epidemiology and clinical features of these viruses have been gradually recognized as well.