《维摩诘经》对中国传统文化影响举要

The Influences of Vimalakirti Nirdesa Sutra on Chinese Traditional Culture

自《维摩诘经》传入中国后,就有不少人从事翻译和注疏。王维、李商隐、白居易、王安石、苏轼等文人都有看过《维摩诘经》并且都留下了相关的诗篇。可见《维摩诘经》对中国文化影响之深、之广。在《维摩诘经》对中国传统文化所有的影响中,其中它的言说智慧对中国传统文化的影响是巨大的。《维摩诘经》与中国思想的关系非常复杂的,本文只拟从它与魏晋玄学的"言意之辨"、禅宗的宗风和两宋文人的禅诗等几个方面略谈它们之间的关系,借以窥见其影响。

Since the introduction of Vimalakirti Nirdesa Sutra to China, many people have attempted to translate and annotate it. Poets such as Wang Wei, Li Shangyin, Bai Juyi, Wang Anshi, and Shu Shi have read it and left some poems on it. Therefore, we can see the profoundness of its influence upon Chinese culture. Among all its influences, the influence of its expressing wisdom on Chinese traditional culture is the most important. Its relationship with Chinese philosophical thoughts is very complicated. This article is intended to study its infuence by explaining its relationship to the metaphysics of Wei and Jin dynasty, the style of Zen Buddhism, and the zen poems of South and North Song.