电导率与极端低温分布在闽中桉树引种决策上的研究

Studies on the Application of Electrolyte Leakage Rate and the Distribution of the Lowest Temperature to Introduction Decision of Eucalyptus in the Centre of Fujian Province

依据闽中地区永安市1971～2005年的极端低温与极值分布数学模型和气象学原理,探讨5～10a内该区域不同海拔高度可能出现的极端异常低温,利用电导率测定引种区所引种的不同抗寒程度的桉树种的半致死温度,事前评价引种的可行性。首次提出利用极端低温与电导率进行引种决策,并把该方法称作"极端环境反应法"。结果表明:在出现10a以上异常低温时,邓恩桉(Eucalyptus dunnii)在该区域垂直分布可达海拔775m,巨桉(E.grandis)及相近抗寒能力的桉树可在海拔467m以下栽植,赤桉(E.camaldulensis)可在海拔960m以下栽植。该方法可广泛应用于其它区域与不同树种引种的事前评价与决策。

According to the recorded data of the lowest temperature from 1971 to 2005 in Yong＇an City of Fujian Province and the maths model of extreme values distribution and meteorology theory, the possibility of the lowest temperature was estimated in different altitude within 5 - 10 years. The semilethal temperature of the different Eucalyptus species with different cold-resistant capability in the introducing area was determined by the method of electrolyte leakage rate. The introduction decision was estimated and made based on the likely occurrence of the lowest temperature at different altitude in 5 - 10 years and the semilethal temperature of the different species, called as ＂the extreme-environment reflecting method＂. The results showed that Eucalyptus dunnii could distribute at altitude of 775 m, Eucalyptus grandis and other Eucalyptus sp. with samilar cold-resistant capability could be planted below 467 m, E. camaldulensis could survive below 960 m, when the lowest temperature over decade occurred in the area. This method could be widely used to other areas and species in evalution and decision making of the introduction.