变异鳞毛蕨的孢子培养与配子体发育研究

Spore Culture and Gametophyte Development of Dryopteris varia (L.) Ktunze

应用无菌培养和常规泥土培养两种方法对变异鳞毛蕨(Dryopteris varia)孢子进行了比较研究,并在光学显微镜下观察了其配子体的发育过程。结果表明:蔗糖浓度为2%的1/2MS与MS培养基对孢子萌发时间和萌发率影响不大,但前者较适于孢子萌发,而后者则适于孢子体形成;在1/2MS培养基上,1%的蔗糖浓度比其它浓度更适宜于孢子的萌发。以菜园土为培养基质时,变异鳞毛蕨孢子的萌发时间短且萌发率高,但幼孢子体出现的时间明显晚于无菌培养。孢子萌发为书带蕨型,原叶体发育为三叉蕨型,符合鳞毛蕨属配子体发育的特征。

Two culture methods, sterilized MS medium and garden soil medium, were comparatively studied for spore germination of Dryopteris varia, with the observation of its gametophyte development under light microscope. The results revealed that the differences between the sterilized 1/2MS and MS culture media with 2% sucrose were very little in terms of the germination time and germination rate, but the former was much suitable for spore germination and the latter for the formation of sporophyte. The experiment also showed that in the 1/2MS culture medium 1% sucrose content was more appropriate for spore germination than others. Garden soil medium was testified to have shorter germination time and higher germination rate, but the formation of sporophyte on soil was obviously later than those on MS culture media. The process of spore germination in D. varia is attributed to Vittaria-type, and that of gametophyte development belongs to Aspidium-type. This feature is consistent with that in Dryopteris Adanson.