云南粳稻和韩国粳稻的遗传差异分析

Analysis of Genetic Diversity between Japonica Rice of Yunnan and Korea

采用134对SSR引物对11个云南粳稻和10个韩国粳稻进行遗传差异分析。结果表明,112对引物具有多态性,共检测到370个等位基因,每对引物检测到2-7个等位基因,平均为3.3个,SSR多态信息量(PIC)分布范围为0.091-0.807,平均为0.466。韩国粳稻比云南粳稻反映出较高的遗传多样性,10个韩国粳稻有96对引物具有多态性,共检测到273个等位基因,每对引物检测到2-5个等位基因,平均为2.84个,SSR多态信息量(PIC)分布范围为0.180-0.780,平均为0.482,遗传相似系数变幅为0.66-0.93,平均为0.79;11个云南粳稻有93对引物具有多态性,共检测到235个等位基因,每对引物检测到2-5个等位基因,平均为2.53个,SSR多态信息量(PIC)分布范围为0.165-0.744,平均为0.406,遗传相似系数变幅为0.73-0.98,平均为0.85。聚类分析表明,云南和韩国粳稻的遗传差异较大,在今后的云南粳稻品种选育中,利用韩国粳稻拓展云南粳稻的遗传基础和改善稻米品质显得十分必要。

A total of 134 SSR markers were used to compare the genetic diversity in 11 Yunnan cultivars and 10 Korean cultivars. The result indicated that 112 of the primer pairs were polymorphic. A total of 370 alleles were detected ranging from 2 to 7 per locus, with an avarage of 3.3. The values of polymorphism information content （PIC） for each SSR locus was 0.466 with a range from 0.091-0.807. By comparison of the genetic diversity, it was found that Korean cultivars were higher than those of Yunnan cultivars. There were 96 and 93 pairs SSR markers were polymorphic in 10 Korean cultivars and 11 Yunnan cultivars, respectively. All the 96 SSR markers revealed a total of 273 alleles in Korean cultivars, and the number of alleles per locus was 2.84 with a range from 2 to 5. While a total of 235 alleles were detected ranging from 2 to 5 per locus, with the mean of 2.53 using 93 SSR markers in Yunnan cultivars. The PIC for each SSR locus ranged 0.180-0.780 with the mean＇ of 0.428 in Korean cultivars and from 0.165-0.744 with the mean of 0.406 in Yunnan cultivars, respectively. The genetic similarities ranged from 0.66-0.93 with an average of 0.79 in Korean cultivars and from 0.73-0.98, with an average of 0.85 in Yunnan cultivars, respectively. Custer analysis showed that there was significant difference between Yunnan cultivars and Korean cultivars. It is necessary to broaden the genetic basis and improve the grain quality of Yunnan japonica cultivar by using Korean japonica cultivar.