木本植物EST研究进展综述

Reviews on the EST Research in the Woody Plants

木本植物由于生长周期长、高度杂合、遗传负荷大等生物学特性,限制了人们对其的深入研究,导致木本植物的研究起步较晚,进展缓慢。EST(表达序列标签)技术的产生和不断完善为木本植物的研究带来了新的思路,这个强有力的工具以其快速、高效、大规模、信息含量大、通用性好等优点将迅速推动木本植物研究工作的进行。本文主要介绍了EST技术在木本植物的遗传学图谱构建、分离与鉴定新基因、蛋白质组研究、比较基因组学研究、DNA芯片的制备等方面推动木本植物的分子遗传育种和改良、抗逆性、次生生长和木材形成、种质资源分析、系统演化、群体遗传多样性等研究的情况,并对EST在木本植物研究中存在的问题及应用前景进行了分析。

As a result of some biological characteristics （e.g. long growth period, high heterozygosis, and massive genetic load）, deeper research of the woody plants were limited, which brought on its later research beginning and slow progress. With EST （expressed sequence tags） coming into being and continuously perfecting, a new consideration was brought to researches of the woody plants. EST is a powerful tool. It will rapidly promote the development of research of the woody plants, owing to its some virtues of speediness, efficiency, large scale, huge informational content, and good universal character. In this paper, we introduced mainly how EST technique promote researches of molecular genetic breeding and improvement, tolerance resistance, growth of secondary xylem and woody formation, analyses of germplasm resource, phylogeny, and diversity of population genetics in the woody plants by way of construction of genetic linkage map, separation and identification of gene, proteomic research and DNA chip of the woody plants. At the same time, we analyzed the existent problems and application outlook of EST for research of the woody plants.