植物表观遗传变化与环境压力研究进展

The Plant's Epigenetic Variation and Response to Environmental Stress

表观遗传学研究的是生物可遗传的染色质修饰。目前,其主要研究内容包括DNA甲基化、翻译后组蛋白修饰、组蛋白组成变化。小分子RNA在调控生物表观遗传的变化中起到了重要作用。在环境压力下,植物发生了复杂的表观遗传变化。在基因组水平上发生脱甲基化反应,以启动压力相关基因表达。同时,翻译后组蛋白修饰和组蛋白组成也发生变化。而且,甲基化与翻译后组蛋白修饰之间有紧密的联系。部分表观遗传修饰在压力去除后可以发生可逆性回复,还有一部分表观遗传修饰是可以遗传的。本文介绍了植物表观遗传变化与环境压力的关系。

Epigenetics is concentrated on the inheritant modifications of chromatin. The major contents of epigenetics are the methylation of DNA, the posttranslational modification of histone and the vatiation of histone. Small RNAs seem to play an important role in regulating the epigenetic variations. The plant＇s response to environmental stress generates complex epigenetic variation. Under stress, DNA demethylate and genes relative to stress express. At the same time, the posttranslational modification of histones and the vatiation of histones change. DNA methylation is linked to modification of histone. Some epigenetic modifications are reversible when stress was removed, and some epigenetic modifications can be heritable over many generations. In this article, we introduced the relationship between the epigenetic variation and environmental stress.