长寿老人心脑血管事件相关危险因素的探讨

Investigation on correlation risk factors among longevity elderly with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events

目的探讨广西巴马长寿地区长寿老人心血管危险因素与心脑血管事件发生的关系。方法对巴马长寿地区≥90岁的长寿老人212例(长寿老人组)系统调查,了解脑卒中和冠心病事件(事件组)患病情况,通过对比事件组和非事件组血压、血糖、血脂、体质量指数等情况,探讨心脑血管事件发生的相关危险因素。结果巴马长寿老人心脑血管事件患病粗率5.6%(脑卒中2.4%,冠心病3.3%);事件组和非事件组对比:事件组收缩压和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平明显高于非事件组(P<0.05)。吸烟、高血压、高LDL-C血症患病粗率事件组明显高于非事件组(P<0.01或<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明:吸烟、高血压、高LDL-C和高甘油三酯(TG)血症与长寿老人心脑血管事件呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论巴马长寿老人心脑血管事件患病率较低。吸烟、高血压、高LDL-C和高TG血症与心脑血管事件的发生密切相关,早期预防和干预这些危险因素有助于减少心脑血管事件发生。

Objective To explore the association between occurrence of cardiovascular or eerebrovaseular events and cardiovascular risk faetors（CVRF） among longevity elderly in the longevity area of Bama in Guangxi. Methods To make a systematic investigation of 212 longevous people who surpass 90 years old in longevity area of Bama, blood pressure, blood glucose, serum lipids, BMI and the prevalence of cardiovascular or eerebrovaseular events were measured. By comparing the levels of blood pressure,glucose, blood serum lipids and BMI between the events group and the control group,the risk factors of occurrence of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events were explored. Results The prevalence of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events among longevity elderly were 5.6 % （stroke was 2.4%, coronary heart disease event was 3.3%）, comparing with the control group, systolic blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） levels of the events group were significantly higher（ P 〈0.05）. The prevalence of smoking,hypertension and high LDL-C hyperlipidemia of the events group were significantly higher than those of the control group （ P 〈0.01 or 〈0.05）. In logistic regression models：a significant positive correlation was found between smoking, hypertension, high LDL-C hyperlipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia and cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events. Conclusion The prevalence of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events among longevity elderly in Bama is lower. The close relationship is found between the risk factors of cardiovascular disease, such as smoking, hypertension, high LDL-C hyperlipldemia and hypertriglyceridemia and occurrence of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events in longevity elderly. Early prevention and intervention of CVRF are beneficial to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events.