北京市海淀区流动儿童与本地儿童健康危险行为现状分析

Analysis on Health Risk Behaviors between Migrating and Native Children in Haidian District in Beijing

目的了解北京市海淀区流动儿童和本地儿童健康危险行为发生情况,为制定相应的干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样法,分别选取北京市海淀区本地儿童和流动儿童集中的小学各3所共3 265名学生,对健康危险行为发生情况进行问卷调查。结果流动儿童交通和游泳相关危险行为以及经常被打骂的发生率均高于本地儿童;本地儿童喝饮料的比例(82.1%)高于流动儿童(75.8%)(P<0.01),喝牛奶和每天摄取不同营养食物的情况也优于流动儿童;本地儿童每天不运动比例(6.1%)低于流动儿童(12.3%)(P<0.01),受伤的发生率(39.9%)高于流动儿童(31.5%)(P<0.01);本地儿童玩游戏机和上网等行为发生率高于流动儿童,但流动儿童去游戏机房和网吧的比例较高。结论北京市海淀区流动儿童和本地儿童健康危险行为发生情况有所差别,均不容忽视。需要尽快制定有针对性的干预措施。

Objective To find out the difference of health risk behaviors between migrating children and native children in Haidian district, and provide some reference for making interventions. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was used in the investigation. Six primary schools in Haidian district were selected： 3 mainly recruited migrating children and the other 3 mainly native children. In all, 3 265 students were investigated on health risk behaviors by questionnaire. Results Migrating children experienced more risk behaviors related to traffic, swimming and beating or scold- ing from parents than native children ; more native children （ 82.1% ） drank carbonated beverages than migrating children （ 75.8%, P 〈 0.01 ）. Milk drinking and eating different nutritious food presented the same difference between them. More native children practiced sports everyday than migrating children： Percent of not having sports was 6.1% and 12.3% respectively（ P 〈 0.01 ）. Meanwhile, the injury prevalence in native children was higher than that in the migrating children： 39.9% and 31.5% respectively（ P 〈0.01）. The percentage of game playing and internet surfing in the native children was higher than that in the migrating children, but the migrating children went to internet bars more often than the native children. Conclusion There is difference in the health risk behaviors between migrating children and native children in Haidian district, which implies different intervention measures between them.