世界草学研究热点与发展趋势——第21届国际草地大会暨第8届草原大会学术交流要点

Perspective of Grassland/Rangeland Science in a Changing World——Highlights Summary of XXI International Grassland Congress and Ⅷ International Rangeland Congress

在百年奥运即将开幕前夕,我国草学界成功举办了第21届国际草地大会暨第8届草原大会。本届大会展示了世界变化中的草地/草原,强调了草地/草原的多功能性。学术交流热点主要表现在:世界草地/草原普遍面临着退化的威胁,面对草地/草原生态环境研发经费减少的挑战,要求科学家准确选题,把握学科发展的新方向。可持续发展已成为主流指导思想和原则,是评价系统成功与否的标准;分子技术和模型构建在某些系统的相关研究中发挥了重要作用;牧草在人类食物链中的作用越来越重要,主要体现在食物质量和数量2个方面;全球经济一体化背景下国际合作更显重要。在理解草地/草原自然科学基础上综合其服务功能评估、土地使用权、市场、复杂性与变化性,政策和综合系统等人文、政策因子,是实现和谐草原、建设和谐社会的基础。

Many rangelands and grasslands are in decline due to pressures. Funding for R 8〉 D in grass- lands and rangelands ecology is declining. Sustainability is now an accepted mainstream. Successfully adopted systems are becoming more prevalent. Technologies such as molecular and modelling are fulfilling a powerful role in some systems related research. Recognition of the role of forage in the human food chain （food quality, safety） is more and more important. Amount of international collaboration is necessary for further R ＆ D. Understanding science and society, negotiation of multipurpose rangeland use, valuation of rangeland services, land rights, markets, complexity and change, policy influence and integration will harmonize grassland/rangeland utilization and function.