属间远缘杂交(Oryza×Sorghum)后代氮素反应特性及高产生理基础研究

Study on Varietal Difference in Response to Nitrogen Application of Intergeneric Hybrid ( Oryza×Sorghum ),Its Maternal Variety and 3 line hybrid Rice in Pot Experiment and in Yoshida’s Nutrition Solution Culture

研究了在玻璃网室盆栽和水培条件下属间远缘杂交种远诱１号（Ｏｒｙｚａ（Ｃ３）×Ｓｏｒｇｈｕｍ（Ｃ４）之稳定后代）、远诱１号的母本圭６３０（Ｃ３）、三系杂交组合汕优６３（Ｃ３）对不同氮素条件的形态、农艺和生理上的反应．结果表明，远诱１号（ＹＲ）的氮素利用效率（ＮＵＥ）显著地高于圭６３０（ＧＵ）和汕优６３（ＳＲ）；氮素敏感性按以下顺序递减：ＳＲ＞ＹＲ＞ＧＵ．ＹＲ的经济产量以及其他各主要经济性状均优于其母本ＧＵ及对照ＳＲ，高产的主要原因在于ＹＲ的旺盛的物质生产能力及更合理的光合产物分配．

A detailed study on the varietal differencc in nitrogen response including physiological characters,dry matter production and yielding formation among intergeneric hybrid Yuanyou 1 derived from progeny of distant pollen mutation of Oryza(C 3)×Sorghum(C 4) ,Gui 630,which is the maternal variety of Yuanyou 1,and a 3 line hybrid rice Shanyou 63( C 3 ) with a pot experiment and a solution culture with various application rate based on Yoshida′s solution was carried out under greenhouse conditions in Guangzhou in 1993 and 1994.The main results obtained shows that a significant varietal difference of nitrogen response expressed in nitrogen use efficiency(NUE),morphological characters,leaf water content,chlorophyll content,soluble protein content exist among the tested varieties.The hybrid Yuanyou 1 derived from progeny of Oryza(C 3)×Sorghum(C 4) hybridization shows higher NUE than its maternal parent variety Gui 630( C 3 ) and the 3 line hybrid rice Shanyou 63 ( C 3 ),There is a significant relationship between the NUE of intergeneric hybrid Yuanyou 1 and that of its paternal parent variety Sorghum .Shanyou 63 shows a more susceptible nitrogen response to different nitrogen application rate,while Yuanyou 1 shows an intermediate susceptibility to nitrogen condition and Gui 63 shows the least sensitive to increasing nitrogen rate.