燕麦胞囊线虫(Heterodera avenae Woll.)孵化特性研究

Hatching characteristics of cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera avenae in Shanxi, China.

在室内离体条件下研究了低温预处理、植物根分泌物（包括寄主和非寄主）、溶液的ｐＨ值以及干燥等条件对燕麦胞囊线虫孵化的影响．结果表明：处于滞育期的胞囊经５℃低温预处理４周后，再置适宜的孵化温度（１５℃）即有幼虫孵出，低温处理的时间越长，孵化量越大；过低温度预处理（－１０℃）后，其孵化量明显低于５℃的处理．根分泌物既不能打破燕麦胞囊线虫的滞育，对处于孵化期胞囊内幼虫的孵出也无明显的刺激作用．在供试条件下，保湿液ｐＨ６时的孵化量最大，ｐＨ１２对幼虫的孵出有明显的抑制作用．干燥不利于幼虫孵化．

Experiments were carried out in vitro on the hatching of second stage larvae for the Taigu population of H. avenae. The tests indicated that cysts under diapause must be pretreated at 5 ℃ for at least four weeks in order for them to hatch; higher hatching rate was achieved when cysts were pretreated at 5 ℃ for more than ten weeks; and low temperature, i.e. -10 ℃, pretreatment resulted in lower hatching rate. Leachates of five plants ,wheat, barley, oats, maize and tomato, were found to have no effect on either interrupting the diapause of cysts or stimulating the hatching of cysts pretreated at 5 ℃. With respect to pH requirements for hatching, the highest hatching was seen at pH 6, high alkalinity (pH 12) significantly inhibited hatching. When cysts were dried and stored for a period of time, they generally hatched poorly.