籼稻花药培养出愈率、分化率和绿苗率的配合力分析

Combining ability analysis of frequencies of callus induction, differentiation and green plantlets in indica rice anther culture

通过对５个籼稻品种（系）配成的５×５双列杂交后代的花药培养出愈率、分化率和绿苗率的分析表明：（１）出愈率、分化率和绿苗率是可遗传的特性，它们的遗传存在基因的加性效应和非加性效应，出愈率和绿苗率还具有明显的胞质效应；（２）一个具有较高出愈率的亲本或组合，其分化率和绿苗率并不一定高，愈伤组织的诱导过程和分化过程可能是由不同基因控制的；（３）在花培育种中，建议建立花培育种亲本圃，结合常规育种技术指导亲本选配．

Frequencies of callus induction, differentiation and green plantlets were studied in 5×5 diallel cross in indica rice anther culture.The results showed that: (1)frequencies of callus induction, differentiation and green plantlets were heritable properties and all had great additive effects and nonadditive effects, frequencies of callus induction and green plantlets still had apparent cytoplasm effects; (2)a parent or cross contributing to callus induction well was not always helpful to its differentiation, callus induction and differentiation may be controlled by different genes; (3)it is necessary to establish breeding material population of anther culture in order to guide the choice of cross parents during rice breeding by anther culture.