新生儿溶血病血清学检查2种方法的对比研究

Study of two methods for serodiagnosis of hemolytic disease of newborn

目的:对比研究微柱凝胶法和抗人球蛋白试验在新生儿溶血病(HDN)血清学检查中的应用。方法:选择母婴ABO血型不合的新生儿血液标本80份。每份标本均用微柱凝胶法和抗人球蛋白试验进行HDN"三项检查":直抗试验、游离试验和释放试验。并将数据进行统计学处理。结果:直抗试验中2种方法均无阳性结果;游离试验中2种方法比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);释放试验中2种方法比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:HDN"三项检查"中微柱凝胶法优于试管法,快速、简便,标本量少,重复性强,结果判定直观,敏感性强。

Objective：To investigate the applications of microcolumn gel test and anti-human globulin test for serodiagnosis of hemolytic disease of newborn. Method：We chose 80 cases of newborn who had blood group incompatibility with their mothers. Microcolumn gel test and anti-human globulin test （tube test） were used in three tests： direct antiglobulin test, free IgG test and elution test for each sample. And then we carried out statistical treatment. Result：There was no positive in direct antiglobulin test and no significant difference（P〉0. 05）in free IgG test; while significant difference was found（P〈0.05）in elution test. Conclusion：Microcolumn gel test is better than anti-human globulin test. The method is fast, simple and convenient, needs less sample. The results are easy to be repeated, judged and sensitive.