冀西北引进西藏地区抗风沙草种适应性试验研究

Experimental Study on the Adaptability of the Introduced Grass Species with Wind-sand Resistance from Tibet Area in Northwestern Hebei Province

[目的]为冀西北地区引进优质高产、抗寒耐旱、抗风沙牧草新品种提供依据。[方法]将7个西藏抗风沙草种引进冀西北高寒地区进行适应性试验,播种前测定种子特性,播种后调查出苗、生长情况。[结果]7个草种的发芽率均超过80.0%,符合播种要求;矮生蒿草的发芽势最弱(38.0%)。沙生地蔷薇、波伐早熟禾出苗较整齐,其他品种相对较差。7个西藏抗风沙草种在冀西北地区夏秋季节可以正常生长,长势较好,具有较好的抗旱性和耐低温性,但当年开花的只有西藏垂穗披碱草、波伐早熟禾、高原荠牧草。[结论]西藏垂穗披碱草、高原荠根系较发达,且以侧根系为主,防风固沙能力较强;沙生地蔷薇、波伐早熟禾可作城市绿化品种。

[Objective] The researeh airaed to provide the basis for introducing new forage varieties with good quality and high yield,cold and drought tolerance,wind-sand resistance in northwestern Helli province. [ Method] Seven herbage speeies with wind-sand resistance from Tibet area were introduced to the high-mid area of northwestern Hebei province to make the adaptability test. Their seeds characteristics were determined before sowing and the seedling occurrence and growth conditions were investigated after sowing. [ Result] The germination rate of 7 herbage species were all over 80.0%, which accorded with the sowing demands .The germination potential of Kobresia humilis was weakest （38.0%）. The seedlings of Chamaerhodos sabulosa Bge and Poa poiphagorum were occurred more trimly and other varieties were relatively worse. Seven herbage species with wind-sand resistance from Tibet could grow normally in northwestern Heilli province in summer and autumn.They had litter growth potential,better drought resistance and low temperature tolerance. But only Elymus nutans Griseb, P. poiphagorum and Capsella bursapastoris bloomed in the same year. [ Conclusion ] E. nutans and C. bursapastoris had more developed roots,with the lateral root as main and stronger resistance to wind and sand. C. sobulosa and P.poiphagorum could be taken as the varieties for urban greening.