胞质分裂力学及其分子生物学机制的研究

THE MECHANICS OF CYTOKINESIS AND MOLECULAR MECHANISM

胞质分裂通过一系列的形态学变化使母细胞一分为二生成两个子细胞,几乎整个胞质分裂过程都伴随着力学现象.形成刚度或黏弹性互不相同的区域对细胞形态的改变至关重要,特殊肌动蛋白与交联蛋白是导致细胞局部刚度改变的重要因素.因此有必要深入理解细胞如何变形、以及促进细胞变形的材料特性及其分子生物学基础.本文将针对细胞的力学特性、胞质分裂中的力学现象以及分子生物学基础进行讨论.

Cytokinesis, the mechanical separation of a mother cell into two daughter cells, occurs through a series of stereotypical shape changes. Cytokinesis is accompanied by mechanical phenomena through almost every level. The formation of cortical subdomains with different stiffness and viscoelasticity is critical for the resulting cell shape change. The recruitment of specific actin cross-linking proteins is important for the local change of the stiffness. It is essential to understand fully the process of cells changing their shapes, the cellular material properties achieving successful cytokinesis, and the basis of molecular biology of cytokinesis. In this review, the mechanical properties of cells, the mechanics of cytokinesis, and the molecular biology basis of cytokinesis are discussed.