经济转型与外商直接投资技术溢出效应

Institutional Constraints on FDI Productivity Spillovers:The Case of China

本文对我国市场化改革过程中的FDI技术溢出机制进行了较为细致的微观分析,并利用省市面板数据对其进行了实证检验。本文认为,在经济转型特定的制度环境中,由于知识和技术的价值受到低估,企业和个人进行技术改造和更新的激励不足,同时制度的缺陷又禁锢了国内企业的学习和创新能力,因此FDI技术溢出机制受到强有力的制约。本文的经验实证结果印证了前面的理论分析,即在控制了制度改善的效率影响之后,我们发现FDI对内资企业全要素生产率的影响并不显著甚至是负面的;国内制度的改进有助于FDI技术溢出的发挥,相对完善的国内制度环境已成为FDI发挥积极作用的前提条件。

This paper analyzes the Impacts of Chinese economic transition on productivity spillovers of foreign direct investment （FDI）. It argues that the flawed domestic institutions tend to diminish FDI spillovers, because the institutions make new technologies being under-priced, and domestic firms being crippled, and therefore the domestic firms have little incentive and deficient ability to learn from foreign MNEs or make innovations. Our empirical evidences support the theoretic arguments well： the growth of Chinese domestic firms＇ productivity is mainly a result of the underlying institutional changes, rather than the presence of FDI. An improved institutional environment tends to be helpful for the local firms to benefit from the technology diffusion of FDI.