中国居民卫生医疗需求行为研究

Health Care Demand and Choice of Medical Treatment

本文从个人效用理论出发,通过建立卫生医疗需求行为模型,利用三省实地调研数据进行经验分析,说明影响中国城乡地区居民卫生医疗需求行为的各种因素及其影响效果。本文发现:(1)卫生规避现象在城市地区更加普遍;(2)不同因素对居民卫生医疗需求行为的影响各异,城乡差异显著存在;(3)适当的公共政策能够扩大个人的卫生医疗需求,但这种改善效应并不针对所有类别的医疗机构。本文提出的政策建议主要有:(1)应建立统一协调的公共政策体系;(2)公共政策制定应充分考虑对居民卫生医疗需求的影响。

Employing a Multinomial Logit model, we empirically examine how an individual makes the choice of medical treatment among self-care, community health center, county hospital, metropolitan hospital and private hospital, in urban and rural China respectively. We use the data from a randomized household survey combined with an area health resource file in 2005. The results indicate significant uiban-rural difference in demand for medical care. The paper suggests that policy makers, aimed at improving health care access as well as reducing health care costs, should take account of the heterogeneous health care demand behavior.