世界主要大石油公司的一体化发展模式与启示

Inspiration and integration development model of world′s major oil companies

石油产业,一般被分为上游、中游和下游三大部分。石油公司作为石油工业的经营主体,无论是历史悠久的国际石油公司还是新兴的国家石油公司,实施上下游一体化经营几乎是它们共同的战略选择。但是,石油公司的一体化业务结构或产业链的形成并非一帆风顺,而且随时适应环境变化而进行调整。我国石油企业可以从世界主要大石油公司的一体化发展模式中获得重要的启示和借鉴。

The petroleum industry is usually divided into three major components： Upstream, midstream and downstream. Oil companies, not only International Oil Companies （IOCs） with long history but also new emerging National Oil Companies （NOCs）, playing an important role in the world petroleum industry, have been implementing a common strategy of the integration of upstream and downstream business. But, it was not easy for oil companies to form their integrated business structure or the industrial chain, and most of them had to make necessary adjustment for adapting the environment changes. Chinese oil companies may learn a lot from the experience of the world major oil companies＇ integrated development strategy.