太原地区成人肺炎流行特征调查分析

INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT PATIENTS WITH PNEUMONIA IN TAIYUAN

[目的]本课题通过对太原地区社区获得性肺炎流行特征及病原学进行研究,为进行公共卫生突发事件的预警,为进一步开展和加强我国肺炎的监测工作,为制定防治策略和措施提供科学依据。[方法]收集太原地区2005年12月～2007年2月社区获得性肺炎患者286例,采用现场调查和数十种病原菌以及非典型病原体的实验室检测方法。[结果]太原地区成人社区获得性肺炎患者以老年人、军人和农民工为主。病原体分布主要为肺炎链球菌、肺炎支原体和军团菌。肺炎链球菌对青霉素、大环内酯类抗生素高度耐药,对3代头孢、糖肽类抗生素高度敏感。[结论]肺炎链球菌是社区获得性肺炎主要致病菌;非典型病原体尤其是肺炎支原体感染占据重要地位;细菌合并非典型病原体的混合感染不容忽视。

[Objective ] To study the epidemic characteristics and etiology of patients with community-acquired pneumonia in Taiyuan, so as to provide scientific basis for carring out early warning of emergency public health events, further developing and strengthening the monitoring work for pneumonic as well as formulating preventive strategies and measures. [ Methods] 286 patients with the conmnmity-acquired pneumonia in Taiyuan were collected from December 2005 to December 2007, scores of pathogenic bacteria and atypical pathogen were detected by laboratory examination and field investigation was adopted. [ Results] The majority of the adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia in Taiyuan were the elderly people, soldiers and migrant workers from the rural area. The main pathogens were streptococcus pneumonia, pneumonia mycoplasma and legionnaires. The streptococcus pneumoniae showed to be highly resistant to penicillin and macrolides antibiotic, and highly sensitive to the third generation cephalosporins and glycopeptide antibiotic. [ Conclusion] The streptococcus pneumoniae was the main pathogen for infection of community-acquired pneumonia; and atypical pathogens, especially Mycoplasma pneumonia, had an important role for community-acquired pneumonia in Taiyuml; Infection of bacterium combined with atypical pathogens can＇t be ignored.