皖北花鼓灯探源

Origin of Huangudeng in Wanbei

由花鼓小锣、花鼓灯和花鼓戏构成的"凤阳三花",彼此在内容、形式和流行范围,以及百姓的生产、生活中所起的作用等方面大不相同。就其渊源而言,花鼓灯之"打花鼓",主要源于唐宋时期"打夜胡"和"打讶鼓";花鼓灯表演中的岔伞(即灯伞),一则脱胎于明代城隍祭祀衍生出的"三巡会"中的黄罗伞,同时又与讶鼓表演中的帷伞有关;而民间社事活动——社火,则为花鼓灯的表演提供了一个契机,并随着时间的推移,花鼓灯表演逐渐成为上元节等社火的主要形式和内容。在其形成和发展历程中,皖北花鼓灯经历了一个由祈禳、敬神、娱神到娱人、自娱的转变过程,并最终成为皖北民众的"狂欢文化"。

In terms of content, form and fashion range, the Huaguluo, Huagudeng and Huaguxi exert different roles in people＇s life and production. As to their origins, Huagudeng can be traced back to the Tang and Song Dynasties. Chasan is derived from the Ming Dynasty and associated with Weisan. Shehuo provides an opportunity for its performance and Huagudeng becomes the main content and form of Shehuo. In its development Hagudeng in Wanhei area goes through a series of changes from pray, godliness, entertainment for god to entertainment for man and self-entertainment, thus becoming the carnival culture in Wanbei area.