农民工权益保护的制度变革与路径选择——兼评《山西省农民工权益保护条例》

On the Institutional Innovation and Path Choice for the Protection of Migrant Workers's Rights

农民工问题根植于我国特殊的社会发展变迁的历史过程之中,制度的粗疏甚至缺失是导致农民工权益保护困境的重要原因之一。通过制度变革以实现农民工权益的有效维护是解决农民工问题的有益思路,但在强调制度变革必要性的同时,应对制度变革所需要的其他法律制度的支撑、制度供给与制度需求之间的契合程度以及路径依赖和意识形态对于制度变迁的影响等问题保持清醒的认识,以避免走入单纯强调制度变革的误区。为此,农民工权益的维护理应选择一条制度与观念并进、立法与执法并重的路径,而在具体层面上则可以采取以政府为主导,多组织参与,同时对相关法律制度进行全面渐进变革的方法,以实现农民工问题的有效解决。

The so-called migrant worker problem is rooted in China＇ s special historical process of social development and evolution-the institutional roughness or even flaws are one of the important causes for the dilemma of protecting migrant workers＇ rights. Although institutional reform is a good way to protect migrant workers＇ rights, we must be well aware of the support of other relevant laws needed by such reform, the correspondence between institutional supplies and institutional needs, and the influence of path dependence and ideology on institutional evolution so as not to fall into the trap of attaching importance to nothing but institutional innovation. Thus, to protect migrant workers＇ rights, we must attach importance to both institution and idea, both legislation and law enforcing. To be specific, the government should the main player who leads a number of organizations to reform relevant legal systems so as to solve the migrant worker problem effectively.