亚圣的“仁政”与“善教”——解读《孟子》

Benevolent Rule and Good Instruction of Mencius——An Interpretation of Mencius

《孟子》是记录孟子言行的一部儒家经典著作。历代学者对《孟子》的成书主要有三种不同观点:其一,该书由孟子及其弟子合著;其二,该书由孟子自著;其三,该书由弟子追述而成。孟子的仁政主张、性善论和教育观,表现出孟子率直的个性和重教思想,这跟孔子开创的儒家学说是一脉相承的,并对后世产生了深远的影响。

Mencius, a record of the words and the deeds of Mencius, is a Confucian classic. There are varied opinions about the forming of Mencius. Some scholars think it was written by Mencius and his pupils; others believe that it was written by Mencius himself and still others maintain that it was an account made by his pu- pils only. Mencius＇ straightforwardness and his emphasis on instruction can be seen from his advocacy of benevolent rule, his belief in the original goodness of human nature and his ideas of education. This can be traced down to Confucianism and has exerted great influence on the later ages.