摘要
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest primary malignant cancer of the liver in the world. Given that the burden of chronic liver disease is expected to rise owing to increasing rates of alcoholism, hepatitis B and C prevalence and obesity-related fatty liver disease, it is expected that the incidence of HCC will also increase in the foreseeable future. This article summarizes the international epidemiology, the risk factors and the pathogenesis of HCC, including the roles of viral hepatitis, toxins, such as alcohol and aflatoxin, and insulin resistance.
Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is the commonest primary malignant cancer of the liver in the world. Given that the burden of chronic liver disease is expected to rise owing to increasing rates of alcoholism, hepatitis B and C prevalence and obesity-related fatty liver disease, it is expected that the incidence of HCC will also increase in the foreseeable future. This article summarizes the international epidemiology, the risk factors and the pathogenesis of HCC, including the roles of viral hepatitis, toxins, such as alcohol and aflatoxin, and insulin resistance.
基金
The NIHR Biomedical Research Centre funding scheme and the following for authors’ funding and support: AIG is funded by a scholarship from the Egyptian Government
SAK is supported by a grant from the Higher Education Funding Council for England (HEFCE)
SDTR is funded by grants from the British Medical Research Council (MRC), London, United Kingdom
the British Engineering, Physics and Science Research Council (EPSRC), Swindon, United Kingdom
the Alan Morement Memorial Fund AMMF, Essex, UK
Broad Foundation, Los Angeles, United States
Pfizer Global Research and Development Inc, Sandwich, United Kingdom
GlaxoSmithKline, Ware, United Kingdom
