我国生态风险评价研究

Study on Ecological Risk Assessment in China

我国的生态风险评价研究起步较晚,理论技术和应用研究薄弱,而且缺乏生态风险管理。本文首先对生态风险评价的基本概念、内涵、通用理论框架做了介绍,然后在此基础上,通过综合分析一些在水环境和自然灾害生态风险评价、重金属沉积物生态风险评价、区域生态风险评价、农田系统与转基因作物、生物安全以及项目工程等方面的实例,对我国近年来生态风险评价的现状和存在问题进行了讨论,并对今后的研究方向做了一些展望。

Research of Ecological Risk Assessment（ERA） began late in China,resulting in the weakness in relevant theoretical technology and applied study,as well as the lack of exploring regulation of Ecological Risk Management（ERM）.In this paper,basic concepts,meaning and general framework of ERA are introduced at first,then status quo and existing problems of ERA in China are discussed.Some examples involving ERA in water environment,natural disasters,heavy metal sediments,region,farmland system,genetically modified crops,bio-safety and projects etc are analyzed.In addition,some prospects are put forward to research directions of ERA in future.