西安市灞河湿地鸟类生境构成与保护价值评价研究

Study on Biotope Structure and Evaluation for the Bahe Wetland Birds in Xian City

城市生境调查评价是城市自然保护的重要基础。本文结合西安市灞河湿地研究样区,对城市湿地鸟类生境构成与评价问题进行了探讨。按照地貌、土地利用和植被等要素,研究样区共划分出湿地生境3类15个亚类。不同生境类型中的鸟类组成差异明显,构成多种鸟类生境类群。在上述研究的基础上,选取植物种的特有性、群落的自然性、植物群落结构特征、鸟类分布特征和生境的相对稀有性5个因子,对生境的综合保护价值进行了评价。结果显示:河滩生境和积水沙坑生境景观特色明显,生态意义突出,具有很高的综合保护价值。

Urban biotope data collection and evaluation constitute the basis of urban nature conservation. With a sample study area in Xihn Babe River, the urban wetland biotope formation and evaluation issues were discussed in this paper. Using landform, land use types and vegetation as factors, 3 types and 15 sub - types of biotopes were distinguished in the study area. Biotope types had impacts on birds distribution, and several bird biotope - groups were observed. Based on the above studies, 5 factors were chosen to conduct the evaluation of biotope types in regards of comprehensive conservation value： flora species indigenousness, plant community naturalness, plant community structure, birds distribution and biotope type rarity. The results showed that biotopes in floodplain and water pits were of great significance.