稻鸭共作对稻田水体底栖动物生物多样性的影响

Effect of rice-duck farming ecosystem on zoobenthos biodiversity in paddy field

在水稻不同生育时期对稻鸭共作稻田和常规稻田的土壤取样,研究不同稻田生态系统水体底栖动物的生物多样性。结果表明:与常规稻田相比,稻鸭共作使水体底栖动物的种类数减少。水稻生育前期,稻鸭共作使底栖动物的个体总数减少较大,后期与常规稻田差异较小。水稻各生育时期常规稻田和稻鸭共作稻田底栖动物的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数变化趋势相似,均为水稻生育前期稻鸭共作稻田的生物多样性指数和均匀度指数高于常规稻田,而后期低于常规稻田。研究结果为规范稻鸭共作稻田水分管理和稻鸭共作技术提供理论指导,促进稻鸭共作技术的推广和应用。

In order to study the impact of rice-duck farming ecosystem on zoobenthos biodiversity in paddy waters, surface soil samples taken from flee-duck farming ecosystem and conventional paddy fields were analyzed for zoobenthos biodiversity. The results show that the number of zoobenthos species （genus） declines in flee-duck farming ecosystems compared with conventional paddy. The total number of zoobenthos in flee-duck farming ecosystem declines remarkably during the early stage of flee growth, but almost equals that of conventional paddy at late growth stage. Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson diversity index and evenness index all show similar trend of change. The diversity indexes and evenness index of zoobenthos in flee-duck farming ecosystems are higher than those in normal paddy during the early stage of rice growth, but are in the reverse trend during the later stage. The result may have varied implications for water management and implementation of flee-duck farming technology.