以产业为支撑构筑都市型循环农业新模式——以北京房山区为例

Patterns of urban circular agriculture based on agricultural industries——A case study of Fangshan District of Beijing City

本文以都市型现代农业典型区——北京房山区为研究案例,从循环农业理论出发,以房山区农业主导产业为基础,以房山区若干循环农业案例为载体,分析了循环农业的延伸产业链条、利用农业废弃物资源、提高农民收入、改善农村生活和生态环境等方面的机理。总结出了以食用菌产业为基础的农业废弃物资源多级转化利用循环农业模式,集优质豆类生产、加工及高端产品研发为一体的循环农业园区模式,畜禽养殖、产品精深加工和清洁生产的畜禽养加洁循环农业模式,集果品种植、加工、果文化旅游及果品废弃物资源利用为一体的种加游环循环农业模式,水资源节约利用与清洁社区建设为主的新农村建设循环农业模式等,并提出了房山循环农业发展存在的问题及未来重点方向。

This paper analyzes valuable experiences from Fangshan District of Beijing, a typical urban modern agricultural area. Industrial chain extension, agricultural castoff resource utilization, boosting peasant income and improving the life and environment of the countryside are analyzed based on circular agricultural theory, agricultural industrial development and other circular agricultural scenarios of Fangshan District. Circular agriculture patterns are summarized as follows ： multi-utilization pattern of agricultural castoff based on edible fungi industry; circular agriculture garden pattern of production, processing of high quality bean and development of new productions ; circular livestock industry pattern of breeding, output processing and clean production; circular fruit industry pattern of planting, processing, fruit-culture tour and fruit castoff utilization; and new countryside construction pattern of resource-saving utilization and cleansing district establishment. The existing problems and future modes of development of Fangshan District are advanced as well.