白肋烟自然群体和纯化群体生物碱的关系

Relationship between Principle Alkaloid Contents in Natural and Purified Populations of Burley Tobacco

以白肋烟主栽品种达白1号和鄂烟1号为材料,探索自然群体和去除烟碱转化株后的纯化群体混合样品和单株样品生物碱含量及相互关系。结果表明,在纯化群体中烟碱含量一般占总生物碱的92%～95%,新烟草碱含量高于降烟碱含量居第2位,含量比例分别为3.2%～5.0%和1.6%～2.8%,假木贼碱含量和比例最低。在含有大量转化株的自然群体中烟碱含量降低,降烟碱含量增高,降烟碱含量高于新烟草碱。纯化群体中,随着单株总生物碱含量的增加,各生物碱含量均表现直线增加,其相关系数由高到低依次为烟碱、新烟草碱、假木贼碱、降烟碱,增长直线的斜率由高到低依次为烟碱、新烟草碱、降烟碱、假木贼碱。在自然群体中,总生物碱与烟碱和降烟碱的相关性减小,与新烟草碱和假木贼碱的相关性没有变化。在纯化群体中烟碱与降烟碱含量呈正相关,但在自然群体中二者呈负相关或无相关。新烟草碱与假木贼碱在两个群体中均显著正相关。

In the natural population of burley tobacco, some plants have the ability converting nicotine to nornicotine due to gene mutation, resulting in the abnormal increase of nornicotine content, which has negative effect on tobacco safety and flavor quality. Burley tobacco hybrids Dabai 1 and Eyan 1 were used to investigate the relationship between principle alkaloid contents in bulk and individual samples from natural and purified populations. The results showed that in the purified populations nicotine content accounted for 92-95% of total alkaloid; the proportion of anatabine was higher than that of nornicotine, they were 3.2-5.0% and 1.6-2.8% respectively; the proportion of anabasine was the lowest. In the natural population contained large amount of converted plants, the nicotine content decreased and the nornicotine content increased, and the nornicotine content was higher than anatabine content. In the purified populations, as the increase of total alkaloids, all the principle individual alkaloids increased linearly, with the order of correlation coefficients with total alkaloids as nicotine 〉 anatabine or anabasine 〉 nornicotine, and with the order of slope for alkaloid increasing as nicotine 〉 nornicotine 〉 anatabine 〉 anabasine. In natural populations, the correlation of total alkaloid with nicotine and nornicotine decreased, and that with anabasine and anatabine did not change. The nicotine and nornicotine were positively correlated in purified populations, but negatively or not correlated in natural populations. Anatabine was significantly and positively correlated with anabasine in both populations.