漠斑牙鲆早期发育阶段的摄食与生长特性

Feeding behavior and growth of Paralichthys lethostigma in early stage of development

2006年12月至2007年2月，在漳州市东山县华涛水产综合养殖场，采用生态学方法对人工培育的漠斑牙鲆仔、稚、幼鱼的摄食习性与生长特性进行了分析．结果表明，在水温为18．1～23℃时，仔鱼在孵出第6天开口摄食，开口饵料为褶皱臂尾轮虫（Bruchionus plicatilis），以后随着鱼体的生长，开始投喂卤虫无节幼体．对288尾仔、稚、幼鱼观察结果表明，其摄食率达83．0％，消化道饱满系数波动在0．9％～6．6％之间，日摄食指数在6．8％～29．6％；摄食具有明显的昼夜节律，一昼夜中仔鱼出现两个摄食高峰，分别出现在12：00和翌日08：00，稚鱼摄食高峰出现在10：00～14：00，幼鱼摄食高峰出现在12：00，但12：00～20：00均保持较高的摄食水平．仔、稚鱼夜间基本不摄食，幼鱼夜间有少量摄食．摄食量（Y）与体重（W）的关系式为Y=0．0307w＋0．0505，全长（LT）与日龄（D）的关系式为LT=2．6661e^0.0433D，体重（W）与日龄（D）的关系式为W=0．065e^0.169 3D，全长（LT）与体重（W）的回归方程为W=0．0018LT^3.6894．

The ecological method was used to study the feeding behavior and the growth of larval, juvenile and yoLtng Paralichthys lethostigma from December 2006 to February 2007. The results show that the larvae began to feeding day after hatching at water temperature of 18.1 -23.0℃. The initial diet was provided with rotifer. With the growth of larval,juvenile and the young,Artemia nauplii was fed. Based on the examination of 288 individuals,it was for that the percentage of stomach with food was 83.0%, the plump coefficient of stomach was 0. 9% - 6. 6%, and the dial feeding intensity was 6.8% -29.6% of the body weight during each stages of the fish development. Rhythm of feeding intensity was obviously different during the day and night. The higher feeding intensity of larval fish was at 12：00 p. m and 8：00 a. m. the next day. Juvenile fish was at 10：00a. m. - 17：00 p. m. and that of young fish was at 12：00 p. m. , but it kept high at 12：00p. m. - 20：00 p. m.. Young fish fed also in the darkness during the night when larval and juvenile did seldom. The time for feeding from empty to full in stomach, the average amount of food in full stomach,and the time for digesting food from full to empty in stomach by larval,juvenile and young Paralichthys lethostigma were determined in the paper. The relationship between the feeding intensity and body weight is expressed as y = 0. 030 7 W ＋ 0. 050 5, that of the total length and day age is Lr = 2. 666 1 e^0.04330, that of the body weight and day age is W = 0. 065e^0.16930, and that of the total length and body weight is W = 0. 001 8LT^3.6894