云南省澜沧江-湄公河上游维西县疟疾流行情况调查

Investigation on malaria epidemical situation at upstream of Lancangjiang-Meigong river in Weixi county,Yunnan province

目的了解维西县疟疾流行情况,为制定防治措施提供依据。方法收集维西县1997-2007年疟疾疫情资料,开展现场媒介和传染源调查,与专业人员座谈了解疟疾防治情况。结果维西县为澜沧江-湄公河上游疟疾流行起始地,1987年疟疾发病率高达50.31/万;该县近年疟疾下降但仍未达到控制标准,且有当地感染和输入病例;其主要媒介昆明按蚊占26.45%;当地有长潜伏期间日疟流行,在海拔1800m以上地区均有疟疾分布。结论维西县为不稳定性疟疾流行区。由于经费短缺、设备陈旧、缺乏疟疾镜检人员以及缺少疟疾现场防治管理技巧等因素,使当地疟疾患者得不到及时诊断和早期治疗。建议有关部门更多地关注维西县的疟疾防治,以便能够通过加强技术培训、提供设备和抗疟药品等措施,加强当地的疟疾控制能力。

Objective To learn the epidemical status of malaria in Weixi county and provide scientific evidence for the establishement of malaria control measure. Methods Collect the epidemic datum of malaria from 1997 to 2007 in Weixi county, carry out the investigation on malaria vector and infectious source, and know the control situation of malaria through discussion with professionals. Results Weixi county was the origin of malaria prevalence at upstream of Lancangiiang-Meigong river and its incidence of malariae reached 50.31 per ten thousand in 1987. It still didn＇t reach the criterion of malaria control and had the local infection malaria cases and input malaria cases, though malaria incidence fell in recent year. Anopheles kunmingensis, the main vector, accounted for 26.45 %. The long-incubation Plasmodium vivax was prevalent, and malaria canexist above 1800 miter elevation. Conclusion Weixi county belongs to unsteady malaria prevalent district. The local malaris patients could not be diagnosed timely and cured early because of the funds shortage, old facilities, professional detection personnel shortage and the lack of management skill of malaria in the field. It suggested that some relevant department should more attention to malaria control in Weixi county, so as to strengthen the capacity of malaria control through taking some measure such as reinforcing technology training, facilities supply and anti-malaria pharmaceuticals.