烂泥沟金矿区紫茎泽兰对重金属的富集特性及生态修复分析

Accumulation of heavy metals research in eupatorium adenophorum and analysis of ecological restore potential in Lannigou Gold Deposit of Guizhou province

应用原子吸收光谱仪和原子荧光光谱仪对目前亚洲最大的卡林型金矿——贵州烂泥沟金矿区的紫茎泽兰及其基质中的Au,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cd,Cr,Co,As,Hg 9种金属元素进行了测定,并针对紫茎泽兰对重金属的富集特性和土壤污染程度进行了分析。结果发现,土壤中As高达666.021mg/kg,是国家土壤环境质量三级标准40mg/kg的16.65倍;Hg高达4.206mg/kg,是国家土壤环境质量三级标准1.5mg/kg的2.8倍,污染状况比较严重。另外,紫茎泽兰根、茎、叶对Cr的富集系数分别是:3.286,9.532,8.191,转运系数为2.7,远大于1;对Cd的富集系数分别为:2.95,1.66,3.73,转运系数0.91,接近于1;对其他重金属元素也有不同程度的吸收。因此,紫茎泽兰可以作为矿区生态修复与重建的一种先锋植物来作进一步的研究。

Au, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Co, As, Hg 9 kinds of heavy metals were measured with Atomic Absorp- tion Spectrometer and Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer in Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng and corresponding substrate, which is the most serious invasive plants of China, at the current largest Guizhou Lannigou Carlin gold deposit of Asia. The results show： the concentration of As in soil is up to 666. 021mg/kg that is 16.65 times of the country＇s Ⅲ standard,Hg concentration is as high as 4.206mg/kg that is 2.8 times of the country＇s Ⅲ standard. The pollution situation is not optimistic. In addition, Cr bioconcentration factors in the stem, leaf and root of Eupatoriuma denophorum Spreng are respectively 3. 286, 9. 532 and 8. 191. The translocation factor is 2. 7. Cd bioconcentration factors in the stem, leaf and root of Eupatoriuma denophorum Spreng are respectively 2.95, 1.66 and 3.73. The translocation factor is 0.91. Other heavy metals accumulate in different levels too. Therefore, Eupatorium denophorum Spreng can be used as pioneer plant of ecological restoration in the mining area to further research.